Lithotripsy is a medical procedure used to treat kidney stones and certain other conditions. It uses shock waves to break up stones in the kidney, ureter, or bladder. The small pieces then pass through the urinary tract.

What is Lithotripsy?

Lithotripsy, specifically Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL), is a non-invasive procedure. It uses shock waves generated outside the body to break up stones inside the urinary tract. This avoids the need for surgical incisions.

When is Lithotripsy Used?

Lithotripsy is typically used for kidney stones that are:

• Causing significant pain.
• Blocking urine flow.
• Too large to pass on their own.

It can also be used for certain ureteral stones.

What Happens During Lithotripsy?

During the procedure:

• You will lie on a table or in a water-filled cushion.
• The lithotripter machine will generate shock waves focused on the stone.
• Imaging (X-ray or ultrasound) is used to locate the stone and ensure the shock waves are accurately targeted.
• The shock waves break the stone into tiny pieces.

The procedure usually takes about 30-60 minutes.

What to Expect After Lithotripsy

After lithotripsy, you may experience:

• Blood in your urine for a few days.
• Mild pain or discomfort as the stone fragments pass.
• Bruising on your back or abdomen.

Your doctor will provide pain medication and instructions for managing discomfort. Drinking plenty of water is essential to help flush the stone fragments out.

Risks and Complications

Lithotripsy is generally safe, but potential risks include:

• Bleeding.
• Infection.
• Blockage of the ureter by stone fragments.
• Kidney damage (rare).

When to Contact Your Doctor

Contact your doctor if you experience:

• Severe pain.
• Fever or chills.
• Heavy bleeding or blood clots in your urine.
• Difficulty urinating.